Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Position of Traditional Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Landraces: A Case Study of South Kalimantan in Indonesia

Traditional rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces provide many essential genes for improving yield, disease resistance, abiotic stress tolerance, and other parameters future breeding. This study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity determine phylogenetic position of traditional from tidal swamp areas South Kalimantan, Indonesia, compared germplasm, including wild relatives, obtained GenBank database, using a cpDNA-rbcL marker. In this case, six region were collected analyzed molecularly rbcL marker with 16 similar others 25 relatives database. The germplasm was determined nucleotide index (?), whereas analysis by maximum likelihood bootstrap 1 000 replicates. principal component (PCA) employed confirm grouping. Based on marker, have 0.38, lower than intra-species inter-species levels, i.e., 0.44 0.83, respectively. shows that has separated most O. cultivars their except ‘GBVN’ ‘NARC’ (comparison GenBank). information substantial implications breeding conservation efforts, locally globally.